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Dutch villages --> Żuławy
IZBISKA
Następna miejscowo¶ć Next village
Explanations
Map of district

gm. Stegna, pow. nowodworski, woj. pomorskie

Until 1945 Freienhuben Freuenhuben (Endersch), Schrötter)

In the Mddle Ages, the Izbiska area was situated in the borderland of the Teutonic Knights’ and ¦więtopełek’s lands, on the bank of the then main outlet of the Vistula - Szkarpawa to the Vistula Lagoon. The village of Izbiska was granted the privileges in the 14th century. A river crossing was located nearby. The village was destroyed during the siege of the fortress Gdańska Głowa. The village was re-established in 1641 by Dutch settlers. The sources from 1734/37 mentioned Aspen, Beigen, Boschke, Brun, Daden, Dawidt, Foht, Fretz, Harder, Hobge, Hildebrand, Hinrich, Kestner, Knak, Kohn, van Riesen, Tewes, Tiessen, and Wőlke. In 1820, the village had 277 Catholics and Lutherans and 31 Mennonites. The 1868 petition was signed by the farm owner J. van Bergen and other van Bergen - a steward.

Village layout - flood bank row village located on the western side of a local canal.

The cultural landscape is in decline. Out of 16 wooden buildings that were still present in 1990s, only several remained. The cultural landscape includes: an arcaded house, masonry buildings, including an old inn from the end of the 19th century and a school from 1920, homestead and field layout, and some old trees surrounding homesteads.

No. 1 is a house from a Dutch homestead of the longitudinal type. The farming section (demolished) was separated from the house by a fire wall. The building is located in the western section of the village, on the northern side of the road, facing it with its ridge; it dates from the 2nd quarter of the 19th century. It has a stone foundation, corner-notched log structure with quoins covered by carved boards, and a high roof covered by asbestos tiles. There is also a half-timbered/brick granary in the eastern section of the homestead.
No. 12 is an arcaded house located in the northern side of the road leading to colonies. The building faces the east. It dates from 1778 and was erected by an owner with the initials E.B. and was rebuilt in 1876. Before 1945, the house belonged to A.H. Boschk. The building has a brick foundation, a log structure with dovetail joints and covered quoins. The gables have a vertically boarded tenon-post structure. A half-timbered extension with decorative Fachwerk is located on the eastern side. It is filled with yellow Dutch brick and supported on half-timbered walls and 6 columns. The building has a queen post - purlin roof structure with two collar beams. The roof is covered by pantiles, which rest on a board frame. The interior has a 2-bay layout with a wider eastern bay and the large room located in the southeastern corner, a black kitchen in the eastern bay, and a C-shaped hallway (transformed). The southern elevation has 3 axes (4 axes in the bottom) with two windows enclosed by quarter circular small windows and a semicircular window above. The eastern elevation has 7 axes with an arcade supported by 6 pillars located in 3 central axes.
The homestead includes a brick, 2-story granary.
No. 13 is a house situated in the northern section of the village, on the western side of a local canal that runs along the east-west ridge. The building was erected in 1886 in place of an older building. Until 1947, it belonged to I. Penner (committed suicide after his daughter were murdered by Soviet army soldiers; they were buried next to the servant Dyck, who was murdered by a Polish policeman). The building has a brick underpinning, a corner notched structure with quoins covered by boards imitating pilaster, and a low pointing sill. There is a half-timbered extension on the southern side. It is supported by 4 frontal pillars and 2 side Corinthian pillars made of cast iron. The gables are vertically boarded. The house has a queen post - purlin roof structure with an angle brace and asbestos tile roofing. The interior has a two-bay layout with a slightly wider southern bay and 2 large rooms. There is a decorative hallway in the northern bay leading to 3 rooms and the kitchen. The hallway has a stairway leading to the attic. In the western side of the house, there is a rectangular hallway with a vestibule and the second stairway to the attic. The corridor separates the residential section, a smokehouse, and utility rooms. The western elevation has 3 axes and a two-level gable with 4 axes in the bottom section. There are two windows enclosed by rectangular small windows and a narrow window above. The southern elevation is symmetrical and has 7 axes with a 3-axial centrally located arcaded extension. Rich furnishings, stoves, door frames, and architectural details (e.g. fretwork in gables) have survived. The barn was erected in 1734 and it is the oldest building in the homestead no. ... in Izbiska. Until 1945, it belonged to Penner. Originally, the barn was longer and had 2 or even 3 threshing floors. In 1970s, it was shortened and lowered by ca. 2 m. Also, the upper section of the roof was transformed. The rafters were replaced and a thatched roof was replaced by asbestos tiles. The barn has a half-timbered structure with crosswise trestles, 5 pillars, and 3 levels of spandrel beams. Logs are connected by mortise and tenon joints reinforced with wrought nails and bolts. The barn rests on brick and stone (glacial erratics) foundation. The walls are vertically boarded with slats. The barn has a rectangular layout and currently has one threshing floor, two mows - the large one (with a semicircle on a southern side) is located on the eastern side.

    
Penner, s. 72; Lipińska, t. III, poz. 240, AG ; MP.


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