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Dutch villages --> Żuławy
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gm. Elbląg, pow. elbląski, woj. warmińsko - mazurskie Until 1945 Ellerwald Vierte Trift TK (Endersch, Schrőtter), Knűppeltrift
In the Teutonic Knight period, the area of the present-day villages of Adamowo, Kazimierzowo, Janowo, Władysławowo, and Helenowo was covered by marshes, which after digging the Kanał Jagielloński in 1495 were converted into meadows that belonged to Stare Miasto. The development of the meadows began in 1563 when 4 causeways were built; the areas adjacent to these causeways reflected the ownership structure of Stare Miasto in Elbląg. Four hundred thirty five plots were allocated, which corresponded to each tenement house in the town. In order to develop area, the burghers introduced Dutch settlers. The Mennonites who lived in the area belonged to the Ellerwald-Elbing community. In 1776, the following Mennonite surnames were recorded in the Ellerwald villages: Barg, von Bergen, Block, Brand, Brandy, Dircksen, Dick, Sens, Essau, von Riesen, Guenther, Harm, Hiebert, Isaac, Jantzen, Kieler, Kroacker, Loewen, Martens, Neufeldt, Penner, Rempel, Sawatsky, Thiessen, Thimm, Toews, Weis, Wieb, Wiebe, Wiele, Wiens, and Wilmp. In 1921, the area was inhabited by 736 Mennonites. In 1820, in Janowo, there were 272 residents, including 69 were Mennonites. At the beginning of the 20th century, the village had 582 ha and 238 residents. Village layout - single homestead village on terpy and marsh row village - homesteads mainly located on the southern side of the causeway. The cultural landscape is in decline. In 1986, out of 47 original homesteads, 31 still existed; currently, there are only 10 homesteads. One of the streets was modified to meet the standard of a national road; this project changed the proportions of other roads. The field layout and system of draining canals with old willows along the banks are detectable. No. 5 is a house from a Dutch homestead of the longitudinal
type situated on a terpa, on the northern side of the road, facing it with
its ridge. It dates from the first quarter of the 19th century. The
building has a corner-notched log structure with quoins covered by boards
imitating rustication, a half-timbered, vertically boarded gable, and a
rafter - collar beam roof structure resting on a protruding top plate. The
interior has a two-bay layout with similar bays, a black kitchen located
in the southern bay enclosed from 3 sides by a hallway, which separates a
large "parents' room" from a narrow utility room. The hallway has a
staircase and a passage to a cowshed. The livestock buildings and porches
have been taken down. Kerstan, s. 199 - 209; ML, t. I, s. 548 - 550; Piątkowski; Lipińska, t. III, poz. 60; AG, BF |
Home | Introduction | Download e-book | Conference 2001 | Special thanks | The note of law | Contact Articles: Poland | Małopolska | Mazowsze | Ziemia Łęczycka | Żuławy | Nizina Sartowicko-Nowska | Ziemia Kwidzyńska | Ziemia Walichnowska | Ziemia Sieradzka | Ziemia Wieluńska Copyright 2005 © jerzyszalygin@wp.pl |